Currently, many displaced children (at least 200) and members of families stranded in Northern France, are trying to survive in desperate living conditions and extreme winter weather conditions. They live in informal living settlements in Calais and Grande-Synthe, in industrial parks, nature reserves, alongside motorways, under bridges and and even on railways. These settlements are characterised by extremely poor living conditions, with minimal access to sanitation facilities, limited water and food provision, inadequate shelter and severe social isolation. In winter, temperatures in Grande-Synthe tend to drop to sub-zero, with heavy wind and frost. Under these conditions, children risk catching hypothermia and other life-threatening conditions, while service providers are unable to provide child friendly activities, play and education.

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Moreover, eviction operations, which are carried out multiple times per week, result in the destruction and confiscation of shelter and belongings, arbitrary arrest, the dispersal of communities and difficulties accessing basic services. For children, these living arrangements are extremely traumatic, leading to psychological, emotional and physical health problems. This inhumane and unsustainable situation is the result of policy failures by the French and UK governments. The constant cycle of eviction operations lead to sleep deprivation and further trauma whilst creating barriers to accessing basic services.

What we advocate for:

Children's rights

All children, whether citizens, refugees or migrants on France and United Kingdom (UK) territories, have rights.

The United Nations (UN) Committee on the Rights of the Child wants particular attention to be paid to the rights of certain groups of children, including: "children living in insecure or dangerous conditions, children living in poverty, children in detention, care or shelter, children in situations of conflict or humanitarian disaster, (...) asylum-seeking and refugee children, street children, (...) migrant or displaced children, children of indigenous origin or belonging to minority groups (...)."

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We call on France and the UK to respect their commitments to the International Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), and to enforce its principles of non-discrimination, best interests of the child, the right to survival and development, and the views of the child. 

The consideration of the right and need for children to play

The right to play is vital for children’s social, emotional, cognitive and physical well-being - in short it is fundamental to their right to be a child. Through play, children learn how to communicate with one another, develop physical and sensory skills, discover a sense of who they are and find creative ways to deal with upsetting or traumatising events. The risks associated with play deprivation have a substantial negative impact on children’s development. Growing up in these settlements stops children from experiencing any resemblance of a safe and dignified childhood. 

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Article 31(1) of the CRC states: ‘States Parties recognize the right of the child to rest and leisure, to engage in play and recreational activities appropriate to the age of the child and to participate freely in cultural life and the arts’. The UN Committee on the Rights of the Child developed and issued General Comment No. 17, dated 1 February 2013 to restore the importance of play, which is often mistakenly considered a non-essential activity: The Committee reaffirms that the right to play is a fundamental and vital aspect of childhood enjoyment, as well as an essential component of physical, social, cognitive, emotional and spiritual development.

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This Comment spells out the legal, financial and technical obligations of States Parties to ensure and implement the right to play. We call on the French State to ensure that children have access to safe spaces where play activities can take place.

The establishment of a system of accommodation on the coast, not conditioned by a request for asylum from families in France

We call for the implementation of dignified, unconditional and uninterrupted reception solutions in key locations where displaced people are present in northern France. These must include sufficiently sized sleeping quarters and common rooms, cooking facilities, adequate bathroom and hygiene facilities for the number of residents. 

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These reception facilities must include areas for children to play. Being in a safe environment reduces the pressure and psychological strain that children and parents experience in informal and precarious settlements, where they are under constant fear of police violence, lack of food, shelter and uncertainty regarding their future. Under the CRC, the French state is obliged to ensure that all children under its jurisdiction have ‘a standard of living adequate for the child’s physical, mental, spiritual, moral and social development’ (Article 27). EASO’s guidance on reception conditions similarly highlights the importance of recreational areas for children in reception facilities: ‘if the facility hosts children, a safe room/area [must exist] for them to play and engage in open air activities.’

The opening of a legal and secure route for children and their families to apply for asylum in the UK 

Safe, legal routes of passage to the UK are vital to protect this vulnerable group of children from life-threatening, treacherous journeys. Numerous proposals have been presented, including the introduction of Humanitarian Visas, the expansion of Family Reunification Rules and an extension of the Vulnerable Persons Resettlement Scheme. The UK must create safe, legal routes of passage for individuals to access the UK asylum system in accordance with their rights under the 1951 Refugee Convention. The current restrictive family reunification rules mean many accompanied and unaccompanied children do not meet the qualifications for reunification, while being left without adequate protection in France. 

Each month, we publish a report shining a light on a different area of children’s rights: